Introduction to Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam's Early Life
ଓଡ଼ିଆ: ଏହି ବିଭାଗରେ ଆମେ ଡକ୍ଟର ଏ.ପି.ଜେ. ଅବଦୁଲ କଲାମଙ୍କ ପ୍ରାରମ୍ଭିକ ଜୀବନ ଏବଂ ପରିବାର ବିଷୟରେ ଜାଣିବା। ସେ କିପରି ଏକ ସାଧାରଣ ପରିବାରରେ ଜନ୍ମ ହୋଇଥିଲେ ଏବଂ କିପରି ତାଙ୍କ ପରିବାର ଆର୍ଥିକ ସମସ୍ୟାର ସମ୍ମୁଖୀନ ହୋଇଥିଲା, ତାହା ବୁଝିବା।
Dr. Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam, widely known as Dr. APJ Abdul Kalam, was a distinguished scientist (ବିଶିଷ୍ଟ ବୈଜ୍ଞାନିକ) and the 11th President of India, often called the "People's President." He was born on October 15, 1931, in a Tamil Muslim family in Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu. His father, Jainulabdeen, was a boat owner and an Imam, while his mother, Ashiamma, was a housewife. His father also operated a ferry service for Hindu pilgrims between Rameswaram and Dhanushkodi. Kalam was the youngest of four brothers and one sister. Although his ancestors (ପୂର୍ବପୁରୁଷ) were once wealthy traders and landowners, the family faced financial difficulties and lost their properties, including their ancestral home. During his early childhood, Kalam had to sell newspapers to supplement (ପରିପୂରଣ କରିବା) his family's income.
Elementary Education
ଓଡ଼ିଆ: ଏଠାରେ ଆମେ କଲାମଙ୍କ ପ୍ରାଥମିକ ଶିକ୍ଷା ଏବଂ ତାଙ୍କ ଶିକ୍ଷକଙ୍କ ପ୍ରଭାବ ବିଷୟରେ ପଢ଼ିବା। ତାଙ୍କ ଶିକ୍ଷକ କିପରି ତାଙ୍କୁ ପ୍ରେରଣା ଦେଇଥିଲେ ଏବଂ ଏକ ଗୁରୁତ୍ୱପୂର୍ଣ୍ଣ ଘଟଣା କିପରି ଜଣଙ୍କର ମନୋଭାବ ବଦଳାଇ ଦେଇଥିଲା, ତାହା ଜାଣିବା।
Kalam began his elementary education (ପ୍ରାଥମିକ ଶିକ୍ଷା) at Ramanathpuram. He was fortunate to have a loving and affectionate science teacher named Sivasubramania Iyer. This teacher greatly inspired Kalam to develop his skills, encouraging him to aspire to compete with highly educated individuals in larger cities. A notable incident occurred when his teacher invited Kalam for a meal. The teacher's wife initially refused to serve a Muslim child. However, Sivasubramania Iyer himself served Kalam, and his compassionate (ଦୟାଳୁ) behavior eventually changed his wife's attitude. She later welcomed Kalam and served him food herself.
Secondary and Higher Education
ଓଡ଼ିଆ: ଏହି ବିଭାଗରେ ଆମେ କଲାମଙ୍କ ମାଧ୍ୟମିକ ଏବଂ ଉଚ୍ଚଶିକ୍ଷା ବିଷୟରେ ଜାଣିବା। ସେ କିପରି ତାଙ୍କ ପାଠପଢ଼ା ପାଇଁ ସଂଘର୍ଷ କରିଥିଲେ ଏବଂ ତାଙ୍କ ଭଉଣୀଙ୍କ ବଳିଦାନ କିପରି ତାଙ୍କୁ ଇଞ୍ଜିନିୟରିଂ ପଢ଼ିବାରେ ସାହାଯ୍ୟ କରିଥିଲା, ତାହା ବୁଝିବା।
After completing his elementary studies, Kalam moved to the Schwartz Higher Secondary School for his secondary education. While his grades were average, he was recognized as a bright and hardworking student with a strong desire to learn. He dedicated many hours to his studies, particularly mathematics. After secondary school, Kalam was admitted to Saint Joseph’s College, Tiruchirappalli, where he graduated in physics in 1954. His lifelong dream was to become a pilot. To pursue this, he applied for engineering at the Madras Institute of Technology (MIT). He was selected, but admission to such a prestigious institution was financially challenging. The course fee required was approximately rupees. His compassionate elder sister, Asim Zohra, came to his aid. She mortgaged (ବନ୍ଧକ ରଖିଲେ) her gold ornaments to pay his admission fee. With her sacrifice, Kalam successfully completed his aerospace engineering (ଏରୋସ୍ପେସ୍ ଇଞ୍ଜିନିୟରିଂ) in 1960.
Example: Educational Journey Timeline
ଓଡ଼ିଆ: ଏଠାରେ ଆମେ କଲାମଙ୍କ ଶିକ୍ଷାଗତ ଯାତ୍ରାର ଏକ ସରଳ ସମୟସୀମା ଦେଖିବା।
Example: Financial Calculation
ଓଡ଼ିଆ: ଏଠାରେ ଆମେ ତାଙ୍କ ଶିକ୍ଷା ପାଇଁ ଆବଶ୍ୟକ ଟଙ୍କା ବିଷୟରେ ଏକ ଛୋଟ ଗଣନା ଦେଖିବା।
Suppose the course fee was rupees in 1954. If his sister mortgaged ornaments worth rupees, then . If the interest rate on the mortgage was percent per year, and it took years to repay, the total amount paid back would be approximately . This shows the significant financial burden.